This would slow the accumulation of new matter and lead to a universe where the formation of structure less lumpy, matching the recent observations. The particles with high velocity could easily escape from matter-dense regions of the universe. A possible candidate of warm dark matter is the sterile neutrino: a heavier, slower form of neutrino, and the normal neutrino is a sound candidate for hot dark matter. Therefore, more and more astronomers and cosmologists start to postulate that the dark matter could, partly or wholly, be “warm” or even “hot”, meaning that the particles that make up dark matter could have medium to high velocities. New data sets have led to a conclusion that the mass distribution in the universe appears to be less lumpy than predicted in the standard model, in which the dark matter is entirely cold. These WIMPs move sluggishly since the birth of the universe, and have been bonding with each other to form massive objects that are bound by gravity.Īs the quantity and quality of cosmological observations improves over the recent years, scientists have been revamping their model based on the new observations using “gravitational lensing”, a phenomenon in which light from distant galaxies can be deflected by massive objects standing in its path. The mainstream idea that most physicists follow is the standard cosmological model, in which dark matter is regarded “cold” because it is made of weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs. There have been competing theories on the makeup of dark matter. According to their estimate, neutrinos can make up a small portion of the total dark matter mass. The BAHAMAS (BAryons and HAloes of MAssive Systems) group, a collective of astrophysicists and cosmologists, recently published their study based on the largest suite of cosmological computer simulations of normal and dark matter to date. When it comes to dark matter, the elusive existence that is supposed to make up 80% of all matter-energy in the universe, scientists have been scratching their heads to find out what it exactly is made of.
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